1431Comparison of two multiplex PCR techniques for the study of respiratory viruses in Mexican children with pneumonia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background. Respiratory tract infections are the main cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Diagnostic methods have evolved through time and now there are techniques available to detect multiple viruses in one sample. The aims of the study were to identify respiratory viruses in nasal washings from children younger than 5 years old admitted with pneumonia at 6 hospitals from 6 cities in Mexico and to perform a diagnostic test evaluation between 2 multiplex PCR techniques for the detection of respiratory viruses. Methods. 310 nasal washings from children younger than 5 years old with clinical and/or radiological diagnosis of pneumonia were included. Nucleic acid was extracted, and amplified by two methods: xTAG RVP (Luminex Molecular Diagnostics, Toronto, Canada) and Anyplex II RV16 (Seegene, Seoul, Corea). The respiratory viruses detected were: RSV A and B, INF A and B, PIV1, 2, 3 and 4, AdV, MpV, CoV OC43, 229E and NL63, RV A/B/C, EV and HBoV1/2/3/4. The gold standard was a construct (the same result with both techniques, and those with discrepancies were sequenced). Virus frequencies, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were calculated. Results. The viruses detected were in order of frequency: 43.1% RSV A, 22.9% RV/EV, 7.2% ADV, 6.5% INF A, 3.9% MpV, 2.9% HBoV, 2.6% PIV 3, 2.3% RSV B, 2.3% PIV 4, 2.3% CoV NL63, 1.9% PIV 1, 1.3% PIV 2, 0.9% INF B, 0.9% CoV OC43, 0.6% CoV 229E and 0.3% CoV HKUI. Overall Anyplex II RV16 had a higher sensitivity (90% vs 78.9%) and specificity (97.4% vs 59.4%) compared to xTAG RVP. Anyplex II RV 16 was more sensitive in detecting AdV (100% vs 52.2%), INF A (83.3% vs 53.3%), RSV A (97.8% vs 69.9%) and CoV OC45/HUK1 (100% vs 50%) compared to xTAG RVP, respectively. xTAG RVP was more sensitive in detecting PIV (95% vs 80%), RSV B (80% vs 71.4%), RV/EV (86.9% vs 83.1%) and MpV (90% vs 83.3%) compared to Anyplex II RV 16, respectively. Conclusion. The 3 most frequent pathogens detected in children with pneumonia were RSV, RV and PIV (1/2/3/4). Overall, Anyplex II RV16 had a higher sensitivity and specificity than xTAG RVP for the diagnosis of multiple respiratory viruses. Although, xTAX RVP is more sensitive to detect PIV, RSV B, RV and MpV. Disclosures. R. M. Wong Chew, Seegene: Grant Investigator, Research grant
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".