Charge Photogeneration in Neat Conjugated Polymers
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The origin and yield of charges in neat conjugated polymers has long been controversial. In this paper, we review the body of literature that has been created over the past three decades of research in this field and provide insight from our own recent work highlighting the importance of polymer microstructure in understanding the photophysics of these materials. We focus primarily on polythiophene, poly( p -phenylene vinylene), and ladder-type poly( p -phenylene) derivatives, as these three prototypical polymer backbone structures have undergone the most complete study. We find compelling evidence that the primary photoexcitations in conjugated polymers include both intrachain excitons and excimers, that charges are produced in a secondary process, primarily from breakup of intrachain excitons, and that the locus of long-lived charge generation is at the interface between amorphous and crystalline domains of the polymer. Interestingly, the existence of interchromophore complexes that we refer to as excimers has largely been ignored in the development of organic photovoltaics based on conjugated polymers. We suggest that the prevalence of this species may help explain certain mysterious features in that body of work, in particular the excess energy offset required for efficient charge separation in donor/acceptor blends and the requirement for intimately mixed phases of the two materials for maximally efficient photocurrent generation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".