Intrinsic Stresses on Bone and Cartilage in the Normal and Anterior Cruciate Ligament–Reconstructed Knee Before and After a Half Marathon
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate intrinsic changes of the anterior cruciate ligament-reconstructed and control (contralateral) knees after a half marathon. DESIGN: Prospective case series. SETTING: Sports Medicine Clinic. PARTICIPANTS: Eight runners were included in the analysis. INTERVENTIONS: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of both knees within 48 hours before and after competition. Participants completed the Tegner Activity Level Scale and a Knee Demographic Questionnaire before the preevent MRI scan. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The incidence of MRI-identified cartilage, ligament, bone, and meniscus pathology in the ACL-reconstructed and control knees. RESULTS: The control knees of 5 runners (63%) demonstrated cartilage lesions, but no change was evident on postevent MRI. Preevent MRI in ACL-reconstructed knees demonstrated Grade IV meniscal lesions (4 of 8), Grades II (2 of 8) and IV cartilage lesions (4 of 8), and Type I bony edema (4 of 8). Although not significant, ACL-reconstructed knees demonstrated a strong trend (P = 0.01) toward a greater incidence of bone marrow edema on postevent MRIs compared with control knees. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to compare the effects of running on intrinsic structures of a normal and ACL-reconstructed knee. Reconstructed knees demonstrated a greater incidence of bone marrow edema on postevent scans, but knee pathology evident on preevent scans did not progress in either control or ACL-reconstructed knees.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".