Evidence for π-Interactions in Stacked Polymers by STM Simulations
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The influence of π-interactions in thin layers of stacked polymers has been studied with first-principles DFT calculations and STM simulations. Improving π–π coupling between polymeric layers in the stack contributes to enlarging the size of STM contrasts and to attenuating the fine atomic structure features in the topmost superficial polymer layer. In addition, the tunneling transport within the stack is strongly influenced by the distance separating the polymer layers within the stack. Consequently, it appears very difficult to determine the structural properties (stack height, interlayer distance) of thin-layer stacks only on the basis of STM contrast measurements. For multiple-layer stacks, we have clearly identified two different tunneling regimes where one is assisted by π-coupling that enhances the tunneling current, whereas the other is a pure tunneling transport mechanism. Our results suggest that STM could constitute a powerful technique to probe the existence of π-electron interactions in π-conjugated stacks.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".