Canadian Arctic Oil Shale Resources: A Re-assessment of Potential Ordovician to Carboniferous Oil Shale Deposits
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Canada has vast oil shale resources (estimated at 180 billion barrels proved recoverable oil shale reserve) similar to the estimated Canadian oil reserve of 179 billion barrels. These deposits consist of various oil shale types deposited in terrestrial, lake, and marine environments. These Canadian oil shale deposits are assessed under auspices of Canada/Israel Industrial Research and Development Program and Geological Survey of Canada for their possible use for extraction of hydrocarbon. The organic rich oil shale deposit with thickness of >60m are suitable for this purpose. This paper reviews the oil shale deposits of Arctic Canada from Ordovician to Carboniferous age. Ordovician shale of Baffin Island, Southampton Island, and Akpatok Islands consist of organic lean, calcareous deposits with variable thickness. The Devonian cannel and canneloid deposit of Melville Island, Arctic Canada are liptinitic rich, but are thin and therefore have low mining potential. The Lower Carboniferous Emma Fjord oil shale deposit is the only promising deposit for in-situ extraction of hydrocarbon from Arctic Canada at present.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.006 | 0.006 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".