Combined Application of in Situ FBRM, ATR-FTIR, and Raman on Polymorphism Transformation Monitoring During the Cooling Crystallization
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study evaluates the potential use of the FBRM, ATR-FTIR, and Raman for on line detection of polymorphic transformation of carbamazepine (CBZ) during the cooling crystallization. Changes in solution concentration as a function of time were quantified from the ATR-FTIR data. A new quantitative method of polymorphs ratio was developed using Raman spectroscopy for in situ monitoring during a solution-mediated transformation of carbamazepine from form II to form III in 1-propanol. The polymorphic forms initially crystallized from solution, in the absence of seeds, could be clearly identified by FBRM and showed good agreement with results of microscopic images. Furthermore, the kinetics of the conversion of carbamazepine from metastable form to the stable form at different cooling rates could be readily followed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".