Effect of Shaking History on the Cone Penetration Resistance and Cyclic Strength of Saturated Sand
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The effect of shaking history on cone penetration resistance, cyclic resistance ratio, and their correlation to each other for saturated sand is examined using centrifuge model tests. Prior laboratory and centrifuge modeling studies have shown strain history can have a strong effect on the cyclic strength of sand, but data describing how these effects track with cone penetration resistance are lacking. The effects of shaking history on cone penetration resistance and cyclic strength are investigated using centrifuge models of saturated Ottawa sand on a 1-m radius centrifuge with a 6-mm diameter cone penetrometer. The centrifuge models are subjected to a series of shaking events at progressively increasing amplitudes until liquefaction is triggered. This motion is repeated until the sand no longer liquefies. Cone penetration tests are performed before any shaking, after liquefaction is triggered, and after liquefaction no longer occurs. Inverse analyses of accelerometer array data are used to compute profiles of dynamic shear stresses and strains. The results are used to examine the effects of prior strain history on cone penetration resistance, cyclic resistance ratio, and their correlation to each other. The centrifuge test results are also compared with a case history-based liquefaction triggering correlation.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".