Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and energy drinks and adherence to physical activity and screen time recommendations among adolescents
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: It is recommended that youth aged 12-17 years achieve ≥60 min/day of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (PA) and limit their recreational screen time (ST) to ≤2 h/day. However, whether unhealthy eating behavior is associated with adherence to PA and ST recommendations in youth is largely unknown. OBJECTIVE: This study examined the associations between adherence to PA and ST recommendations with consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and energy drinks (EDs) in a representative sample of adolescents. METHODS: Data on 11-19-year-old Ottawa (Canada) students (n=1147) were analyzed using self-reported information on consumption of SSBs and EDs, and time devoted to PA and ST. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the associations between adherence to PA and ST recommendations and consumption of SSBs and EDs. RESULTS: Adherence to the ST recommendation was inversely associated with consumption of SSBs [odds ratio (OR)=0.42; 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.21-0.86] and EDs (OR=0.54, 95% CI=0.31-0.92) in females only, independent of PA and relevant covariates. However, adherence to the PA recommendation was positively associated with consumption of EDs in females (OR=1.52, 95% CI=1.07-2.17) but not males, while it was not associated with consumption of SSBs in both sexes. CONCLUSION: Among female adolescents, adherence to the ST recommendation is inversely associated with consumption of SSBs and EDs, while adherence to the PA recommendation is positively associated with consumption of EDs. Future studies should clarify the observed sex differences and determine if decreasing ST can reduce the consumption of SSBs and EDs among adolescents.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".