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Record W2329617607 · doi:10.5509/2006792225

State, Society and Democratic Consolidation: The Case of Cambodia

2006· article· en· W2329617607 on OpenAlex
Kheang Un

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

venuePublished in a venue whose home country is Canada.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenuePacific Affairs · 2006
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicCambodian History and Society
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsConsolidation (business)DemocracyPolitical scienceDemocratic consolidationState (computer science)Political economyDevelopment economicsEconomic systemDemocratizationSociologyEconomicsPoliticsLawComputer science

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Introduction Since its inception in 1993, Cambodian democracy has struggled to muddle through like other unconsolidated democracies,2 in which elements of democracy, such as liberal constitutions and free and fair elections, mix with authoritarian and traditional practices, such as a lack of rule of law, rampant corruption, widespread patronage and executive usurpation of power.3 This paper investigates why Cambodian democracy has failed to consolidate, approaching question by juxtaposing state and society rather than focusing exclusively, as most analyses heretofore have done, on political elites. Much of literature on democratic consolidation emphasizes role of political elites. Elite behaviour and interactions, collectively termed political culture, certainly play an indispensable role in process of democratic consolidation, because democracy would not function without elites' acceptance of regularity and predictability of the rules, and limit of constitutional system and legitimacy of opposing actors who similarly commit themselves... .4 The significance of elite political culture in process of democratic consolidation, Larry Diamond argues, is twofold: first, elites' political decisions are contingent on their beliefs; second, as leaders of a polity, magnitude of their impact on political events is high.5 The role of elites, especially their consensus on legitimacy of democratic institutions and rules, is crucial to process of democratic

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Qualitative · Consensus signal: Qualitative
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.824
Threshold uncertainty score0.645

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0010.001
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.011
GPT teacher head0.242
Teacher spread0.231 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it