Synthesis of InN@SiO<sub>2</sub> Nanostructures and Fabrication of Blue LED Devices
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
We synthesized InN@SiO(2) nanostructures (i.e., nanoparticles and nanowires) by varying the annealing temperature and nitridation conditions of In(2)O(3)@SiO(2) nanoparticles in the presence of ammonia. The In(2)O(3)@SiO(2) nanoparticles were synthesized using a urea-based homogeneous precipitation of indium hydroxide on the surface of the SiO(2) (15 nm) nanoparticles, followed by annealing at 600 °C in air. Subsequently, nitridation of In(2)O(3)@SiO(2) nanoparticles in ammonia at 600 °C for 2 h resulted in InN@SiO(2) nanoparticles. The sizes of InN nanoparticles are ∼5 nm on the silica surface. Nitridation at the same temperature for 3-5 h gave InN nanoparticles of size ∼20 nm. Furthermore, on annealing above 650 °C the InN nanoparticles grew in the form of nanowires. The nanowires are 4-5 μm in length and have a diameter of 100 nm. The photoluminescence peak of both InN@SiO(2) nanoparticles and nanowires is centered at 442 nm (λ(exi) = 325 nm). Subsequently, the surface of InN@SiO(2) nanoparticles was modified by reacting with dodecyltriethoxysilane at 80 °C, which enabled them to be dispersible in toluene. The surface-modified InN@SiO(2) nanoparticles were used to fabricate blue electroluminescence devices which showed blue electroluminescence peak centered at 442 nm. The Commission Internationale de I'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of InN@SiO(2) nanoparticles are X = 0.15 and Y = 0.13, which is well within the blue region and commercially appropriate.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it