Hybrid Wiring of the <i>Rhodobacter sphaeroides</i> Reaction Center for Applications in Bio-photoelectrochemical Solar Cells
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The growing demand for nonfossil fuel-based energy production has drawn attention to the utilization of natural proteins such as photosynthetic reaction center (RC) protein complexes to harvest solar energy. The current study reports on an immobilization method to bind the wild type Rhodobacter sphaeroides RC from the primary donor side onto a Au electrode using an immobilized cytochrome c (cyt c ) protein via a docking mechanism. The new structure has been assembled on a Au electrode by layer-by-layer deposition of a carboxylic acid-terminated alkanethiol (HOOC (CH 2 ) 5 S) self-assembled monolayer (SAM), and layers of cyt c and RC. The Au|SAM|cyt c |RC working electrode was applied in a three-probe electrochemical cell where a peak cathodic photocurrent density of 0.5 μA cm –2 was achieved. Further electrochemical study of the Au|SAM|cyt c |RC structure demonstrated ∼70% RC surface coverage. To understand the limitations in the electron transfer through the linker structure, a detailed energy study of the SAM and cyt c was performed using photochronoamperometry, ellipsometry, photoemission spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry (CV). Using a simple rectangle energy barrier model, it was found that the electrode work function and the large barrier of the SAM are accountable for the low conductance in the devised linker structure.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".