Bioassay guided fractionation of extracts from flowers of Bellis perennis L. for their anticancer activity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Common daisy ( Bellis perennis L.) is a member of the cosmopolitan family Compositae (Asteraceae). It is native to western, central, and northern Europe, but is commonly found as an invasive plant in North America (1). B. perennis has been used in the treatment of gastritis, enteritis, diarrhoea, bleeding, rheumatism, inflammation and infections of the upper respiratory tract (2–3). In this study, anticancer activity of crude hexane, dichloromethane, methanol, water extracts, also n-butanol and ethylacetate fractions (after separation of methanol extract) of flowers from Bellis perennis were investigated. Cytotoxic activities were carried out on human lung cancer (A549), human colorectal cancer (DLD-1), and normal skin fibroblasts (WS1) using the resazurin reduction test. Following the bioassay guided fractionation, the most active methanolic extract, was treated by n-butanol and ethylacetate. The n-butanolic fraction was found to be the most active against A-549 lung carcinoma and DLD-1 colon carcinoma cells, with IC 50 values of 16±3 and 10±2µg/ml, respectively. The hexane, dichloromethane and water extracts did not show any significant activity against A-549 and DLD-1.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".