Reactivity and Stereoselectivity of 6π and Nazarov Electrocyclizations of Bridged Bicyclic Trienes and Divinyl Ketones
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The 6π electrocyclizations and Nazarov cyclizations of a series of bridged bicyclic substrates were modeled with the M06-2X density functional and the def2-TZVPP basis set, and the factors responsible for the reactivities of these substrates and the stereoselectivities of their ring closures were identified. The ring closures of these bridged bicyclic trienes are up to a million-fold faster (ΔΔG(⧧) = 10 kcal mol(-1)) than that of 1,3,5-hexatriene, despite the absence of any activating functional groups. Three effects, preorganization, predistortion, and a CH π interaction, are responsible for this sizable difference in reactivity. Stereoselectivity is partially controlled by torsional effects, but for highly exo selective electrocyclizations, it is reinforced by a second effect (either a CH π interaction or a steric clash). The absence of this second effect in the ring closures of several divinyl ketones explains the reduced selectivity of these ring closures. In one case, a divinyl ketone (ketone 6) undergoes Nazarov cyclization to yield the endo product preferentially. For this example, through-space interaction of a nonconjugated alkene with the divinyl ketone π system in the endo transition state and a steric effect override the intrinsic exo selectivity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".