Sympathetic Responses to Atrial Natriuretic Peptide in Patients with Congestive Heart Failure
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) has relative sympathoinhibitory effects that are of potential benefit in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). In this study, cardiac and systemic sympathetic responses to ANP were evaluated and compared with responses to sodium nitroprusside (SNP) in patients with CHF. Right- and left-heart hemodynamics were obtained simultaneously with cardiac (CANESP) and total body (TBNESP) norepinephrine spillover; these were measured by using the radiotracer technique. Reductions in arterial blood pressure and cardiac filling pressures were similar with both drugs. ANP and SNP caused a significant and similar increase in TBNESP. Mean values for CANESP did not change in either group, but the response of individual patients was dependent on the effect on diastolic blood pressure (r = -0.71, p<0.01). These results do not provide evidence for a sympathoinhibitory effect of ANP, but suggest that in patients with CHF, cardiac sympathoexcitatory response to arterial baroreceptor unloading may be countered by a potential sympathoinhibitory effect caused by a reduction in cardiac filling pressures. In the setting of CHF, vasodilator therapy may decrease cardiac sympathetic activity if systemic hypotension is avoided.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".