346 DO ASIAN AND CAUCASIAN MEN DEVELOP HIGH GRADE (GLEASON &[GE]7) PROSTATE CANCER AT THE SAME AGE? AN AUTOPSY STUDY
Bibliographic record
Abstract
You have accessJournal of UrologyProstate Cancer: Epidemiology & Natural History (II)1 Apr 2013346 DO ASIAN AND CAUCASIAN MEN DEVELOP HIGH GRADE (GLEASON &[GE]7) PROSTATE CANCER AT THE SAME AGE? AN AUTOPSY STUDY Alexandre R Zlotta, Shin Egawa, Dmitry Pushkar, Alexander Govorov, Takahiro Kimura, Masahito Kido, Hiroyuki Takahashi, Cynthia Kuk, Marta Kovylina, Najla Aldaoud, Neil E Fleshner, Antonio Finelli, Laurence Klotz, Jenna Sykes, Gina Lockwood, and Theodorus H van der Kwast Alexandre R ZlottaAlexandre R Zlotta Toronto, Canada , Shin EgawaShin Egawa Tokyo, Japan , Dmitry PushkarDmitry Pushkar Moscow, Russian Federation , Alexander GovorovAlexander Govorov Moscow, Russian Federation , Takahiro KimuraTakahiro Kimura Tokyo, Japan , Masahito KidoMasahito Kido Tokyo, Japan , Hiroyuki TakahashiHiroyuki Takahashi Tokyo, Japan , Cynthia KukCynthia Kuk Toronto, Canada , Marta KovylinaMarta Kovylina Moscow, Russian Federation , Najla AldaoudNajla Aldaoud Toronto, Canada , Neil E FleshnerNeil E Fleshner Toronto, Canada , Antonio FinelliAntonio Finelli Toronto, Canada , Laurence KlotzLaurence Klotz Toronto, Canada , Jenna SykesJenna Sykes Toronto, Canada , Gina LockwoodGina Lockwood Toronto, Canada , and Theodorus H van der KwastTheodorus H van der Kwast Toronto, Canada View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2013.02.1732AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES We have previously demonstrated that PCa prevalence is similar between Russian Caucasians and Japanese Asian men. We had chosen a specific Caucasian population in Russia with low penetrance of PSA screening. Autopsy data in North America and Western Europe would have been heavily contaminated due to opportunistic PSA screening. Screening in Japan is also uncommon. Here our aim was to compare the prevalence of Gleason ≥7 PCa on autopsy in Caucasian and Asian men. METHODS 320 prostate glands were prospectively collected during autopsy from men who died from causes other than PCa in Moscow (Russia n=220)-(CAU) and Tokyo (Japan n=100)-(ASI). The same harvesting methodology was followed in both sites. Prostates were removed en-block with the seminal vesicles within 24 hours of death and analyzed in toto (perpendicular sections at 4 mm intervals) by an experienced uro-pathologist. We compared across the ASI and CAU populations, the prevalence of GS≥7 PCa over the various age groups. RESULTS Overall, 37 out of 117 tumors (31.6%) were GS≥7, with a significantly higher proportion in ASI men (51.4%) compared to CAU men (23.2%, p=0.003). Fig 1 illustrates the prevalence of GS≥7 PCa in ASI and CAU men according to age. Compared to CAU, in our autopsy cohort, a higher prevalence of GS≥7 PCa was observed at a later age among ASI with a steeper increase in prevalence by the decade. Breaking down GS7 into (3+4) or (4+3), among 14 GS7 in ASI, 13 were 3+4 and 1 was 4+3. Among 16 CAU with GS7, 10 and 6 were 3+4 and 4+3, respectively, (p=0.086). Limitations include small population size and the absence of Caucasian men aged 80+. CONCLUSIONS A higher proportion of autopsy detected PCa in Asian men is GS≥7 compared to Caucasians. Asian men seem to have a higher prevalence of GS≥7 PCa at a later decade in life compared to Caucasian men. A hypothesis is that in Asian men, the grade progression is much faster than in Caucasian men. The alternative hypothesis would be a de novo origin of GS≥7 instead of grade progression. © 2013 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 189Issue 4SApril 2013Page: e140 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2013 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Alexandre R Zlotta Toronto, Canada More articles by this author Shin Egawa Tokyo, Japan More articles by this author Dmitry Pushkar Moscow, Russian Federation More articles by this author Alexander Govorov Moscow, Russian Federation More articles by this author Takahiro Kimura Tokyo, Japan More articles by this author Masahito Kido Tokyo, Japan More articles by this author Hiroyuki Takahashi Tokyo, Japan More articles by this author Cynthia Kuk Toronto, Canada More articles by this author Marta Kovylina Moscow, Russian Federation More articles by this author Najla Aldaoud Toronto, Canada More articles by this author Neil E Fleshner Toronto, Canada More articles by this author Antonio Finelli Toronto, Canada More articles by this author Laurence Klotz Toronto, Canada More articles by this author Jenna Sykes Toronto, Canada More articles by this author Gina Lockwood Toronto, Canada More articles by this author Theodorus H van der Kwast Toronto, Canada More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".