Effective-medium approach to planar multilayer hyperbolic metamaterials: Strengths and limitations
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We express the optical properties of multilayered hyperbolic metamaterials (HMMs) in terms of the Fresnel reflection coefficients at the boundary between the metamaterial and the ambient medium. Formation of a band of bulk propagating modes in HMMs located far outside the lightcone of homogeneous isotropic media is demonstrated. Exotic behavior of HMMs, such as the broadband Purcell effect and suppressed outward scattering, is reproduced. Conditions under which a metal-dielectric multilayer can be approximated by a homogeneous effective medium with extreme anisotropy (indefinite medium) are derived. It is shown that real multilayer HMMs usually have a smaller Purcell factor than the corresponding effective medium; however, the reverse scenario is shown to be possible due to an intermediary role of short-range surface plasmon excitations in the outermost metal layer in a metal-dielectric multilayer.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".