DETERMINANTS OF QUALITY OF LIFE IN SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN WITH CEREBRAL PALSY
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objectives: The primary objective of this study is to characterize the quality of life of children with cerebral palsy (CP) and identify factors associated with physical or psychosocial well-being. Methods: In this study, a consecutive sample of children (6–12 years) with CP was recruited. A parent and when feasible, the child completed the Child Health Questionnaire (CHQ) and the PedsQL. Predictor variables included: 1) biomedical (type of CP, severity using Gross Motor Function Classification System-GMFCS, microcephaly, neonatal difficulties); 2) developmental (IQ, behaviour problems using Strengths & Difficulties Questionnaire); 3) functional (motor function using GMFM, Vineland Scale-VABS); 4) personal (gender, age, motivation); and 5) environmental (school setting, family function using Impact on Family Scale-IOF and Parenting Stress Index-PSI). Results: Of 92 participants, 82 parents and 55 children completed questionnaires. Mean age was 9.4±2.0 years, 62% were male, and on GMFCS: 49% level I, 28% level II-IV, 23% level V. Mean CHQ physical well-being score was 40.4±16.5, 47.3%<40; and mean psychosocial well-being score was 43.3±11.1, 52.7%<40. Using PedsQL, 59.4%-61.8% had physical and psychosocial summary scores <1 SD below the mean. PedsQL scores between parents and children correlated (physical: r=0.63, p<.0001; psychosocial: r=0.38, p=0.01), but children rated themselves higher. Physical well-being correlated with GMFCS (p<.0001), GMFM (p<.0001), functional limitations on VABS subscales (p<.01), and IOF (p<.05). Furthermore, low physical functioning was associated with microcephaly, neonatal difficulties, quadriplegia, low motivation and segregated schooling. Psychosocial well-being was significantly associated (p<.001) with parental stress, motivation and behavioural difficulties. Conclusion: Quality of life is variable in children with CP, half reporting good life quality. Physical well-being but not psychosocial well-being, is associated with severity and functional limitations. Family functioning, child's motivation and behaviour are important predictors of social-emotional adaptation. Determinants of life quality may guide resource needs to optimize well-being of the child and family. Acknowledgements: This project was funded by the United Cerebral Palsy Research and Educational Foundation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".