Analysis and Asymmetric Sizing of CMOS Circuits for Increased Transient Error Tolerance
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Nanometer circuits are highly susceptible to transient errors due to atmospheric charged-particle or alpha-particle strikes. The susceptibility to transient errors is increasing in scaled-technologies as device scaling reduces node capacitances and voltage scaling reduces operating noise margins. This paper presents a novel methodology to increase the transient error tolerance in CMOS circuits by asymmetrically sizing the critical nodes according to their majority state. Majority state of a gate is defined as the output state of a gate which is true for a large number of gate inputs. The delay and power overhead of the proposed methodology is minimal compared to other transient error tolerance techniques. Using SPICE simulation, it is validated on ISCAS’85 benchmark circuits that the proposed methodology results in fewer transient errors propagating to primary outputs of the circuits.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it