2316 NONINVASIVE DIAGNOSIS OF BLADDER DYSFUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH INTERSTITIAL CYSTITIS / PAINFUL BLADDER SYNDROME USING NEAR INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY
Bibliographic record
Abstract
You have accessJournal of UrologyUrodynamics/Incontinence/Female Urology: Urodynamic Testing1 Apr 20122316 NONINVASIVE DIAGNOSIS OF BLADDER DYSFUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH INTERSTITIAL CYSTITIS / PAINFUL BLADDER SYNDROME USING NEAR INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY babak shadgan, Lynn Stothers, and andrew macnab babak shadganbabak shadgan vancouver, Canada More articles by this author , Lynn StothersLynn Stothers vancouver, Canada More articles by this author , and andrew macnabandrew macnab vancouver, Canada More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2012.02.2497AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis (PBS/IC) is defined as a syndrome of urgency, frequency, and suprapubic pain in the absence of positive urine culture or obvious bladder pathology. As no specific etiology has been identified yet, no specific methodology exists for diagnosis of this condition. Diagnosis of PBS/IC is currently based on clinical judgment of treating urologist after ruling out other urinary pathologies, using invasive cystoscopic and urodynamic (UDS) studies. One potential etiology of PBS/IC is bladder mucosa inflammation associated with abnormal angiogenesis and ulcerative lesions in bladder mucosa. A method capable of evaluating bladder wall metabolism may therefore be relevant for diagnosis of PBS/IC. Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a noninvasive optical technique using light to monitor tissue oxygenation and hemodynamics. The purpose of this study was to examine ability of NIRS to differentiate subjects identified as PBS/IC from other marked bladder conditions. METHODS Twenty four adult patients with lower urinary tract dysfunction were devided into 2 groups, PBS/IC (4 male aged: 27.5±8 yrs) and non-PBS/IC (8 male and 12 female aged: 47.7±4.8 yrs) after standard diagnostic investigations. Detrusor oxygen saturation percentage (TSI%), a direct index of tissue metabolism, were studied in all subjects using a spatially-resolved (SR) NIRS instrument, simultaneous to UDS study. After one minute baseline measurement in supine rest position with empty bladder, the detrusor TSI% was recorded by the NIRS instument that was placed and fixed over the bladder. Statistical difference of the detrusor TSI% values between two groups were studied. RESULTS Mean resting values of detrusor TSI% were significantly different (P<0.0005) between 2 groups (74.2%±4.9 in PBS/IC vs. 63.6%±5.5 in non-PBS/IC). CONCLUSIONS Noninvasive NIRS interrogation of the bladder demonstrated significant increase in detrusor oxygen saturation in patients diagnosed as PBS/IC. This observation may support previous reports that indicated bladder mucosa inflammation associated with abnormal angiogenesis and ulcerative lesions in bladder mucosa as the main etiology of the PBS/IC. This study presents potential application of SR-NIRS for noninvasive diagnosis of PBS/IC. © 2012 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 187Issue 4SApril 2012Page: e935 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2012 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information babak shadgan vancouver, Canada More articles by this author Lynn Stothers vancouver, Canada More articles by this author andrew macnab vancouver, Canada More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.013 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".