Role of the geomorphic setting in controlling groundwater–surface water exchanges in riverine wetlands: A case study from two southern Québec rivers (Canada)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
There is great interest worldwide to reconnect floodplain wetlands to their rivers. Whilst the surface water connection between rivers and wetlands is fairly well understood, the linkages via groundwater are not well known. In this study, it is hypothesized that the significance of the groundwater pathways between rivers and wetlands is largely determined by the geomorphic setting of the riverine corridor. This was tested by measuring the response of water levels and temperatures in floodplain groundwater and in wetlands to river pulses in two geomorphologically distinct riverine corridors in Southern Québec. In the De la Roche River (DLR; 145 km2), the floodplain is narrow and the alluvial sediments consist of sandy silt (wetland A; abandoned meander) or clayey silt (wetland B; stable floodplain), depending on the location. During within-channel floods, exchanges of water between the river and the floodplain are limited to some bank recharge where the alluvial sediments are permeable, and over-bank storage where the sediments are finer. Water levels in the DLR floodplain wetlands were controlled by a combination of over-bank flow and groundwater discharge from adjacent uplands. In the Matane River (1678 km2), the floodplain substrate is coarser, and the floodplain is wider and has a meandering planform geometry. The response of the Matane River wetland during floods shows storage of water due to a groundwater flood wave. This response of the wetland to within-channel flood pulses could play a role in downstream flood attenuation. In this river, the presence of river infiltration in this floodplain was also illustrated by the warming of floodplain groundwater during flood pulses. This study has shown with three distinct examples how riverine wetlands can be connected to their rivers via either a surface or subsurface pathway depending on the geomorphic setting of the riverine corridor.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".