SP327THE ROLE OF ESTROGEN STATUS IN CARDIAC AUTONOMIC TONE AND RESPONSE TO ANGIOTENSIN II IN WOMEN
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction and Aims: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) in women is characterized by low sex hormone levels, though whether estrogen plays a role in modulating the risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) is unknown. We aimed to determine if estrogen status was associated with cardiac autonomic tone, a marker of SCD risk, in healthy pre- and postmenopausal women. Methods: Ten pre- and 13 post-menopausal healthy women were studied in a fasting high-salt state. Premenopausal women were studied during both the low and high estradiol phases of the menstrual cycle. Cardiac autonomic tone, measured by heart rate variability, was calculated by spectral power analysis (Low Frequency (LF), sympathetic modulation; high frequency (HF), cardioprotective vagal modulation; LF:HF, cardiosympathovagal balance). Cardiac autonomic tone was assessed at baseline and in response to Angiotensin II (AngII) infusion Results: Estradiol levels were within cycle-appropriate range, 333 ± 84 pmol/L and 533 ± 107 pmol/L (p=0.09) in the premenopausal group and 138 ± 67 pmol/L in the postmenopausal group (p=0.02 vs premenopausal high estrogen phase). While baseline autonomic tone was similar between the two estrogen phases in premenopausal women, postmenopausal women demonstrated lower measures of cardiosympathetic (p=0.001), and cardiovagal (p<0.001) tone though overall cardiosympathovagal balance was similar (p=0.2) (all values vs premenopausal high estrogen phase). In response to AngII challenge, premenopausal women in both estrogen phases maintained cardiosympathetic and cardiovagal tone compared to baseline. In contrast, postmenopausal women demonstrated a decrease in both cardiosympathetic (p=0.046 vs baseline) and cardiovagal tone (p=0.01 vs baseline). Neither pre- nor postmenopausal women demonstrated a change in the overall cardiosympathovagal response to AngII.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".