Crystallization behavior of polypropylene/silver nanocomposites using polyethylene glycol as reducing agent and interface modifier
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this work, isotactic polypropylene (iPP) nanocomposites were prepared containing silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) with a novel and easy method, using polyethylene glycol (PEG) as reducing agent and surface modifier. Ag-NPs were prepared using different amounts in weight of silver nitrate into PEG to induce the formation of Ag-NPs. PP/Ag nano compounds were prepared by melt blend method: single-screw extruder and internal Brabender mixer. The effects of Ag-NPs and PEG on the crystallization, morphology, thermal, and mechanical properties were evaluated. Ag-NPs with a particle size of 80 nm and typical growth of the β-form in iPP were observed. The presence of PEG in samples of PP/Ag-NPs was detected by infrared spectrometry and the peak characteristic of Ag-NPs by ultraviolet–visible analysis. X-Ray diffraction patterns and differential scanning calorimetry thermograms showed the β-phase formation in both of the dispersion methods, but Brabender mixer showed higher percentages of crystallinity (31% of β-phase). The elongation at break was increased and it was directly dependent on the relative amount of crystalline β-phase. PEG is an excellent precursor to get Ag-NPs and a good interface modifier of iPP.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it