Spin-cluster excitations in the rare-earth kagome system<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">N</mml:mi><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">d</mml:mi><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">G</mml:mi><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">a</mml:mi><mml:mn>5</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:mi>Si</mml:mi><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi><mml:mn>14</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Spin-cluster excitations induced by microwave radiation have been detected as a function of an applied magnetic field in the rare-earth kagome system $\mathrm{N}{\mathrm{d}}_{3}\mathrm{G}{\mathrm{a}}_{5}\mathrm{Si}{\mathrm{O}}_{14}$. The results are interpreted using a Heisenberg model which allows for anisotropic exchange interactions between neighboring spins. At a microwave frequency of 120 GHz the conventional independent-ion electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrum, due to Zeeman splitting of the ground state Kramers doublet, is not observed at low temperatures. Instead, a large number of resonances are seen that are shifted from the conventional ESR position. These resonances persist to temperatures well above 20 K with similar behavior found at 230 GHz. The observations are consistent with the excitation of spin waves in short-range antiferromagnetically correlated spin loops or clusters and are similar to the ESR spectral features seen previously in the $\mathrm{P}{\mathrm{r}}_{3}\mathrm{G}{\mathrm{a}}_{5}\mathrm{Si}{\mathrm{O}}_{14}$ kagome system. Upon increasing the temperature and/or the microwave frequency, a broad Zeeman resonance does eventually emerge at the predicted ground state doublet resonance field.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.008 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.004 | 0.008 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.008 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.007 |
| Open science | 0.010 | 0.008 |
| Research integrity | 0.006 | 0.008 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.706 | 0.014 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".