Crystallization Kinetics of Coconut Oil in the Presence of Sorbitan Esters with Different Fatty Acid Moieties
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Sorbitan esters (SEs) are shown to strongly influence the solidification kinetics and fat crystal morphology, but not polymorphic behaviour, of coconut oil (CNO). Solid‐state SEs (sorbitan monopalmitate, monostearate, and tristearate) affect both the high‐ and low‐melting fractions of CNO by decreasing induction time and by increasing crystallization rate as well as the number concentration of crystals. Liquid‐state SEs (sorbitan monoleate and trioleate) and canola oil do not specifically influence the high‐ or low‐melting fraction of CNO but do slow crystallization and lengthen induction time. The influence of sorbitan monolaurate, the only SE with an acyl group similar to that of CNO, is shown to depend on the crystallization temperature. At temperatures below its melting point, it only affects CNO's high‐melting fraction; at temperatures above its melting point, crystallization of both fractions is extensively decelerated. The lack of influence in polymorphic behaviour by any SE confirms no alteration of subcell arrangement, suggesting a lack of complementarity with the crystallizing fat. Overall, these SEs significantly impact the crystallization kinetics of CNO; however, this largely depends on type and concentration.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".