The programme volunteer in leisure-time agencies : a study of the experiences and attitudes of a sample volunteers in fourteen building-centred agencies in Portland, Oregon, and Vancouver, B.C.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Leisure-time agencies were planned and operated by-volunteers long before the profession of group work came into existence. They were the motivating force behind the establishment of many of the present day social services now enjoyed by citizens of the nation. Because of the entry of professional workers into the field of leisure-time activity, the importance of a clarification of function between volunteer and professional is apparent. All agencies realize the importance of the volunteer and are anxious to know the best manner by which to recruit, place, train, and recognize him. To obtain information regarding the extent of volunteer participation in leisure-time programmes, and to ascertain their current value in agencies, interviews were arranged with fourteen agency administrators. This information was used throughout the thesis as background material. The factual data, upon which the conclusions of the study are based, was obtained through the analysis of the answers to one hundred and twenty-two questionnaires returned by volunteers active in the fourteen agency programmes. To evaluate volunteer service the thesis is divided into sections, each of which represents an integral part of volunteer participation. Recruitment, selection, and placement are important areas in evaluating volunteer service; motivation and recognition are of vital importance in understanding the performance of the volunteer; in addition, training and supervision must be evaluated. From the general information, the current literature on the subject, and personal observation different kinds of volunteers have been defined and the essential responsibilities of agency and volunteer outlined. Some of the most important findings of the study are those that indicate who serves as volunteers. Information obtained regarding many factors which influence lay participation indicated one factor which has been denied or neglected by some agencies --- the consistent affirmation on the part of volunteers that they want an initial interview, training and supervision on the job, and recognition of their efforts by the agency. The thesis, in as far as it indicates who are programme volunteers, and how they function to meet group, agency, and community needs might prove a profitable basis for study and evaluation of volunteer services in any single agency.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".