Effect of WO<sub>x</sub> Over Ni/Hydrotalcite Catalysts to Produce Hydrogen from Ethanol
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The effect of WOx over Ni-hydrotalcite catalysts to produce H2 by ethanol steam reforming was studied. The catalysts were characterized by N2 physisorption (BET area), X-ray diffraction, Infrared and UV-vis spectroscopies. The W concentration ranged from 0.5 to 3 wt%. As W concentration increased, the intensity of XRD reflections of the Ni catalysts decreased. The porous structure of the materials consisted of parallel layers with a monomodal mesoporous distribution. The surface groups detected by IR were: -OH, Al-OH, Mg-OH, W=O and CO32-. UV-vis results suggested that Ni2+ ions were substituted by W ions. The catalytic evaluations were made in a fixed bed reactor using a water/ethanol mol ratio of 4 at 450°C. Catalysts with low loadings of W (0.5 and 1%) showed the highest H2 production and stability. W promoted the conversion of ethanol towards hydrogen in the case of the Ni-hydrotalcite catalysts. The reaction products were; H2, CO2, CH3CHO, CH4 and C2H4. The catalysts did not produce CO.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".