Susceptibility Status of <i>Culex quinquefasciatus </i>to Alphacypermethrin, Bifenthrin and Bendiocarb in Gombe Metropolis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Six genera of culicines mosquitoes are known as vectors of several diseases such as yellow fever, dengue and filariasis. Insecticides are commonly used in controlling these vectors either through impregnated nets or by spraying. Susceptibility status of culicine to three different insecticides in Gombe metropolis was carried out between the months of march and may 2011 using the WHO protocol. A total of 1500 Adult female culicines were used for the tests. Mosquitoes from Gombe State University showed 96%, 63%, and 66% susceptibility to Alphacypermethrin (0.75%), Bifenthrin (0.15%) and Bendiocarb (0.1%) respectively. The mosquito samples from Dawaki quarters indicated 92%, 62% and 69% susceptibility to Alphacypermethrin, Bifenthrin, and Bendiocarb respectively; whereas culicines from New market Area showed susceptibility of 90% to Alphacypermethrin, 44% and 69% to Bifenthrin and Bendiocarb respectively. No full susceptibility to any of the chemicals was observed; however, percentage mortality to Alphacypermethrin in all the sites suggests the possibility of resistance that needs to be confirmed but results for Bifenthrin and Bendiocarb indicates resistance of the mosquitoes in all the study sites. In view of this, it is important to implement insecticide resistance monitoring strategy in Gombe State.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".