Changes in Atlantic Thermohaline Circulation under Different Atmospheric CO_2 Scenarios
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Changes in the thermohaline circulation (THC) arising from the increase in the CO_2 concentration in the atmosphere will dominate the future climate regimes. In this paper, a new climate model developed at Max-Planck Institute for Meteorology is targeted at the variation of THC strength, the changes in North Atlantic deep water (NADW) formation and the regional responses of the THC in the North Atlantic to the increasing atmospheric CO_2. From 2000 to 2100, the increase in CO_2 (B1, A1B and A2) will have decreased the strength of THC by 4Sv, 5.1Sv and 5.2Sv, respectively, or equivalently , reduced by 20%, 25% and 25.1% of the present THC strength. This research indicates that oceanic deep convective activity is significantly strengthened in the Greenland-Iceland-Norway (GIN) Seas owing to saltier (denser) upper oceans , but is weakened both in the Labrador Sea and in the south of the Denmark Strait region (SDSR) because of surface warming and freshening derived from global warming. The saltiness of the GIN Seas is mainly initiated by the increase in the saline North Atlantic inflow through Faro-Bank (FB) Channel. Under the scenario A1B, the deep water formation rate in the North Atlantic decreases from 16.2Sv to 12.9Sv with a corresponding increase in CO_2.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".