Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective:To compare effect of clonidine a nd midazolam as premedication using a prospective, randomized and double-blind des ign. Methods:100 children patients scheduled for circumcision w ith ASA physical status 1 grade (aged 1~11 years) were divided at random M group (n=52) received midazolam 300 μg/kg and atropine 40μg/kg and C group (n =48) received clonidine 5 μg/kg and atropine 40 μg/kg, both groups given rec tal application. The incidence of immediate postoperative pain (0~2 h) was asse ssed by repeated Objective Pain Scale (OPS) scores. Degree of sedation (modifie d Vancouver sedation scale 0~3), occurrence of postoperative vomiting (POV), and incidence of shivering and immediate postoperative confusion was registered as end-points. Parents were instructed to continue the evaluation of pain, sedatio n, POV and sleep during a 24-h period. Parents were also asked for their prefer ence concerning the postoperative behavior of their child (calm, sedated, VS ale rt, active). Results:OPS scores (median=8.0) in C group significantly decreased than that of M group M (median=11.5) (P=0.011). Early postopera tive sedation score (median=13) in C group slightly increased than that of M gro up (median=12)(P0.01). No episode of shivering was observed in the C grou p but was present in five of the patients in M group (P=0.057). In younger children (5 years), the incidence of postoperative confusion was lower in C gr oup than that in M group (P=0.001). No difference in the frequencies of PO V incidences, need for analgesic and sleep mode of postoperative hours could be observed between two groups according to parents' evaluation in the first 24 hou rs, the calm and sedated degree in C group were better than those in M group ( P=0.024). Conclusion:Rectal premedication with clonidine could signi ficantly reduce postoperative early pain comparing to midazolam with moderately increased sedation during the first 24 postoperative hours.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".