Characterization of the 4-carboxy-2-hydroxymuconate hydratase and the 4-carboxy-4-hydroxy-2-oxoadipate/4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-oxoglutarate aldolase from Pseudomonas putida
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The protocatechuate and gallate 4,5-cleavage pathways are important bacterial catabolic pathways for environmental carbon cycling and xenobiotic remediation. This thesis focuses on the characterization of the 4-carboxy-2-hydroxymuconate (CHM) hydratase and the 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-oxoglutarate (HMG)/4-carboxy-4-hydroxy-2-oxoadipate (CHA) aldolase which are the last two steps of the protocatechuate and gallate 4,5-cleavage pathways. HMG/CHA aldolases are class II pyruvate aldolases that have structural similarity to a group of proteins termed Regulators of RNase E activity A (RraA). The Escherichia coli RraA (EcRraA) binds to the regulatory domain of RNase E, inhibiting ribonuclease activity. Sequence and kinetic analyses of homologous RraA-like proteins identified minimal motifs, either a D-X20-R-D or a G-X20-R-D-X2-E/D motif, required for metal binding and aldolase activity amongst homologs. The EcRraA, which lacked sequence conservation to either motif, lacked detectable C-C lyase activity. Upon restoration of the G-X20-R-D-X2-E/D motif, the EcRraA was able to catalyze oxaloacetate decarboxylation. RraA-like gene products are found across all the domains of life with a large proportion containing one of the sequence motifs, implying that the proteins likely support a metal dependent enzyme function. The HMG/CHA aldolase is activated in the presence of inorganic phosphate (Pi), increasing its turnover rate >10-fold, which is unique for a class II aldolase. The HMG/CHA aldolases pyruvate methyl proton exchange rate was increased 300-fold in the presence of 1 mM Pi. Docking studies revealed a potential Pi binding site close to the proposed general acid water site. The residues which comprise the putative binding pocket were probed through mutagenesis studies with substitution of either of the residues leading to a reduction in Pi activation, supporting the mechanism of Pi activation through the general acid half reaction. The CHM hydratase (GalB) from the gallate degradation pathway of Pseudomonas putida KT2440 has only 12% sequence identity to a previously identified CHM hydratase (LigJ) from Sphingomonas sp. SYK-6. The structure of GalB was determined and found to be a member of the PIG-L N-acetyl glucosamine deacetylase family, and is structurally distinct from the amidohydrolase fold of LigJ. LigJ has the same stereo-specificity as GalB, providing an example of convergent evolution in bacterial aromatic degradation pathways.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".