The Protective Role of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1 via Substance P Release in Apoptosis Post Acute Myocardial Infarction in Mice
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia causes the release of protons and bradykinin,which activated transient receptor potential vanilloid 1( TRPV1) channel expressed in cardiac sensory nerve terminals,to cause angina. Our previous study showed that ischemia induced TRPV1 activation and consequent sensory neurotransmitter substance P( SP) release played a protective role in heart function. However,whether SP mediate TRPV1 protective role in apoptosis is unclear. In this study,myocardial infarction( MI) models were established in wild type( WT) and TRPV1-null mutant( TRPV1-/-) mice. SP and RP67580( a NK1 receptor antagonist) were pretreated before MI. The infarct size was detected by TTC stain; the apoptosis index was determined by TUNEL; the expression of caspase-3,Bcl-2,Bax and p53 were detected byWestern blot 24 hours post myocardial infarction. Compared with sham group,infarct size,apoptosis index,caspase-3 activity were increased post MI in both TRPV1-/-and WT mice. The expression levels of p53 and Bcl-2 / Bax were decreased in both strains after MI. TRPV1-/-mice presented a greater infarct size,apoptosis index,elevated activity of caspase-3,and lower expression of p53 and Bcl-2 / Bax,compared with WT mice. Pretreatment with substance P,the Bcl-2 / Bax and activity of caspase-3 were increased in both strains,more significant changes were showed in TRPV1-/-mice. However,the administration of SP significant decreased the infarct size and apoptosis index in TRPV1-/-mice but not in WT mice. Blockade of the NK1 receptor with RP67580 reduced the infarct size,apoptosis index,Bcl-2 / Bax and increased activity of caspase-3 in both strains,compared with corresponding control group. These data show that SP may mediate the protective role of TRPV1 in apoptosis post acute myocardial infarction.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".