Bibliographic record
Abstract
The damage mechanism of reservoirs, the temperature sensitivity of deep wells and deep water wells and the development trend of completion fluid technology, aciding technology and underbalanced drilling technology are summarized in the paper. On the basis of investigation, the authors hold that formation damage of the horizontal drilling and extended reach drilling is mainly due to fines migration, solids plugging; the damage of fractured carbonate reservoirs mainly composed of limestone is due to solid invasion and solid plugging; the permeability of tight gas reservoirs is seriously reduced because of the aqueous phase trapping (water and oil), and the damage extent is closely related to permeability of the reservoir, interface tension, surface wettability and initial water saturation. The temperature sensitivity of deep wells and deep water wells will change the minerals into the water sensitive, cause mineral dissolution and precipitation, wettability reversal and emulsion plugging. A new treatment technology with well completion fluids suitable for filter cake removal and wellbore cleanup—combining the prevention with the treatment is presented. After treatment, the permeability of reservoirs is 40% higher than the initial one. Acidizing is one of most important methods for removing damaged reservoirs duo to its low cost and good results. The prescription suitable for treating various sandstones and carbonate rock is presented. And finally the authors state that the kernel of underbalanced drilling is the selection of appropriate drilling and completion fluids and negative well bore pressure. The experiences that 100 under balanced wells of Canada increase production at the later stage of oilfield development are given.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.004 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".