The Influence of Intramedullary Nailing on Pulmonary Functions of Canine with Femoral Fracture and Hemorrhagic Shock: an Experimental Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
To investigate the influence of difference fixation methods on pulmonary function in canine with femoral fracture complicating hemorrhagic shock.18 adult mixed breed dogs were used in this study. Catheters were inserted into left femoral artery and vein . Hemorrhagic shock was induced by withdrawal of blood from the arterial catheter. Eight hours after resuscitation, the dogs were divided into three groups randomly based on the different internal fixation methods: plate, unreamed intramedullary nailing and reamed intramedullary nailing. The arterial blood gas were analysed at seven different time points.The alveola arterial oxygen gradient[P(A a)DO2, p(A a,DO2)], oxygenation ratio(PaO2/FiO2,pa,O2 / FI02)and alveolar dead space fraction(Vd / Vt) were calculated .There were no changes of all indexes in the plate group. The unreamed nailing group had a moderate increase of p(A a,DO2 and Vd / Vt, and a decrease in pa,O2 / FI02.But they all returned to normal from 2 to 4 h after the fixation. However with the application of reamed nailing, p(A a,DO2 and Vd / Vt remained elevated and deceased pa,O2 / FI02 persisted within 8 h after the fixation. Compared with the other two groups, significant differens in p(A a,DO2, pa,O2 / FI02 and Vd /Vt at all time points were observed in the reamed nailing group.[Conclusion]After resuscitation of canine with femoral fracture and hemorrhagic shock, early fixation of fracture with reamed nailing will yield greater influence on the pulmonary function compared with plate and unreamed nailing.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".