Analysis of depression characteristics and the related factors in male patients with heroin dependence
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ObjectiveTo investigate the depression characteristics and the related factors of the male patients with heroin dependence(MPHD). Methods218 MPHD (study group) from Hunan province were assessed employing a self-developed data-collecting form, Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS) and Heroin Craving Questionnaire (HCQ). 82 psychiatric inpatients with depression were also assessed employing SDS.Results194 MPHD finished the tests effectively. Of them 83.51% had depressive mood and 9.79% had major depression according to the criteria of SDS. Compared with the control group, MPHD had significant lower melancholy, be vulnerable to weep, disturbance of sleep, poor appetite, decreased libido, weight loss, uneasiness, irritability, hesitation, worthlessness factor scores , lower total scores of SDS(P0.01), and had higher scores in heart-throb, thinking retardation and desperation factors. Logistic regression showed that MPHD with higher total scores of TAS, effect expectation factor of HCQ and experience of “high” before abstinent period were vulnerable to be depressive. ConclusionsMPHD have a high rate to suffer from depression though the depressive mood is milder than major depression. MPHD are as serious and prominent as major depression in some biological symptoms, psychosomatic symptoms and depressive mental disorders. Alexithymia, drug craving and experience of “high” before abstinent period are important responsible factors to depressive status in MPHD.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".