TREMADOCIAN (ORDOVICIAN) GRAPTOLITE BIOSTRATIGRAPHY OF CHINA——A REVIEW
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Based on our recent study of the Tremadocian graptolites from the Dayangcha section of Jilin, China, as well as a reinvestigation of the graptolites collected from North China and stored in NIGPAS, a revised Tremadocian graptolite succession of North China is suggested, including in ascending order four zones: Rhabdinopora flabelliformis parabola Zone, Anisograptus matanensis Zone, Psigraptus jacksoni Zone and Aorograptus victoriae Zone. The former misleading Adelograptus-Clonograptus Zone is abandoned. In South China, the graptolites collected from the top of the Tungtzu Fm. at Gulin of southern Sichuan include Hunnegraptus novus, H. sp. etc., and accordingly indicate an age of latest Tremadocian (Hunnegraptus copiosus Zone). Meanwhile a re-examination of Tremadocian graptolite specimens previously collected from many other localities in South China is conducted. On this basis, a new scheme of Tremadocian graptolite biozonation of the South China Palaeoplate is proposed, which includes seven zones. They are in ascending order: Rhabdinopora? taojiangensis Zone,R. flabelliformis parabola Zone,Anisograptus matanensis Zone,R. flabelliformis anglica Zone,Aorograptus victoriae Zone,Acanthograptus sinensis Zone and Hunnegraptus copiosus Zone. A correlation of the revised graptolite biozonation of South China and North China with those of other continents is proposed. The GSSP established at the Green Point section of Newfoundland for the base of the Tremadocian (i.e. Ordovician System), and the GSSP approved at the Diabasbrottet Quarry of Sweden for the top of Tremadocian (i.e. the base of the second stage), are also briefly reviewed, and their identifications discussed.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.009 | 0.007 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".