Changes of head magnetic resonance imaging and transcranial Doppler in patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective To investigate the changes of head magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) and transcranial Doppler(TCD) in patients with vascular cognitive impairment but no dementia(VCIND) and their relationship with cognitive impairment.Methods The head MRI and TCD in 52 patients with post-stroke VCIND were studied retrospectively,and were compared to the findings of head MRI and TCD of 40 stroke patients without cognitive impairment and 42 healthy controls.The Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE) and the Clock Drawing Test(CDT) were used to assess the mental status.Results ①Not only the proportion(46.2%) of the lesions of frontal and temporal lobe in the VCIND group was higher than that(22.5%) in the stroke group(χ2=5.50,P0.05),but also the proportion(63.5%) in patients with multiple infarcts was higher than that(40%) in the stroke group(χ2=5.00,P0.05).The cognitive decline in the patients whose foci located in the frontal and temporal lobes(MMSE=20.6±1.3,CDT=1.8±1.0) in the VCIND group compared to those in the other parts(MMSE=24.2±1.3,and CDT=2.4±0.7,all P0.05);and the patients with multiple foci(MMSE = 21.7±1.6,and CDT = 2.0±1.0) compared to those with single focus(MMSE=23.8±1.1,CDT=2.4±1.0)(P0.05 and P0.05).②As compared to the normal controls group(26.2%) and the stroke group(62.5%),the incidence of abnormal hemodynamics(90.4%) was higher in the VCIND group(χ2=40.63,P0.05).③The mean flow velocities of the anterior and middle cerebral arteries in the VCIND and stroke groups were lower than those in the control group.The mean flow velocities of the anterior and middle cerebral arteries were decreased in the VCIND group compared to the stroke group,and there were significant differences between them(P0.05).Conclusion ① The lesions of frontal and temporal lobe and the numbers of lesions are the important factors affecting VCIND.② The VCIND group had obvious abnormal hemodynamics and cerebral circulation insufficiency.The insufficiency of the internal carotid artery may be associated with the impaired cognitive function after stroke.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".