Study on the correlation of autonomic dysfunction with motor symptoms and non-motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective To explore the correlation of autonomic dysfunction with motor symptoms and non-motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease(PD). Methods 243 PD patients were recruited in the department of neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital from June 2010 to June 2012 and evaluated by the Scale For Outcomes in PD For Autonomic Symptoms(SCOPA-AUT), Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale(UPDRS) Ⅲ, Hoehn-Yahr(H-Y) Staging, Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA),Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD), Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA), Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI), Fatigue Scale-14(FS-14), Activity of Daily Living(ADL) and 39-item Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire(PDQL-39), and correlations of SCOPA-AUT score with above scales scores were performed. Results(1) SCOPA-AUT score of PD patients was 36.6±8.0(23-67)points; SCOPA-AUT score was positively correlated with the age of onset, average of(59.8±10.1) years, and disease duration,average of(3.8±4.0)years(r=0.248, P=0.000; r=0.234, P=0.000);(2)Autonomic symptoms with the highest incidence was gastrointestinal dysfunction(83.5%), among which, constipation was the most frequent(56.4%), which was followed by urinary dysfunction(79.0%), sexual dysfunction(78.6%), cardiovascular dysfunction(48.6%)and thermoregulatory dysfunction(47.3%);(3)SCOPA-AUT score was positively correlated with H-Y Stage(2.0±0.8) and UPDRSⅢ score,(25.9±13.2)points(r=0.390, P=0.000; r=0.425, P=0.000);(4)169 cases were with depression and 154 cases with anxiety; SCOPA-AUT score was positively correlated with scores of HAMD and HADA(r=0.457, P=0.000; r=0.490, P=0.000);(5) 33 cases were PD with no cognitive impairment(PD-NCI), 96 were PD with mild cognitive impairment(PD-MCI) and 114 were PD with dementia(PDD); SCOPA-AUT scores in PD-NCI, PD-MCI and PDD groups were significantly increased in turn,(34.8±7.3)points,(37.9±8.0)points and(38.5±8.7)points, P=0.011;(6) 169 cases were with sleep disorders, which SCOPA-AUT score was positively correlated with PSQI score(r=0.508, P=0.000);(7) 215 cases were with fatigue, which SCOPA-AUT score was positively correlated with FS-14 score(r=0.423, P=0.000);(8)ADL score was(35.3±13.6)points, which was positively correlated with SCOPA-AUT score(r=0.391, P=0.000); PDQL-39 score was(134.1±26.6)points, which was negtively correlated with SCOPA-AUT score(r=―0.649, P=0.000). Conclusions PD patients have high incidence of autonomic dysfunction with multiple symptoms. Autonomic dysfunction is closely correlated with the age of onset, disease duration, motor symptoms and non-motor symptoms, including cognition impairment, anxiety, depression, sleep disorder and fatigue, and dramatically compromises ADL and QOL for PD patients.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".