Bibliographic record
Abstract
The effects on flame propagation and explosion wave caused by the wall roughness and pipeline changing in gas explosion were examined experimentally: flame speed grew from 275.1 m/s to 580.26 m/s sharply when the wall roughness changed from 2 mm to 4 mm,then droped to 369.05 m/s when the wall roughness changed to 6 mm.When the pipeline area expanded or reduced suddenly,the flame speed rapidly increased from 15.2 m/s(L/D=16) to 1 287.7 m/s(L/D=165).The different performance of the flame speed which caused by the turbulent flow in these two kinds of pipeline also were theoretically studied.The fluid mechanics behaviors in gas explosion,such as the turbulent flow,the shock wave,the friction pipe flow and the Laval nozzle effect,were analyzed.The results indicate that the turbulent flow caused by the wall roughness and the pipeline area can lead to the flame speed raised largely,but the turbulent flow only is a secondary factor which induced the flame acceleration,the Laval nozzle effect is basic factor which caused the flame acceleration,the gas explosion intensity aggravating.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".