Effect of Photodynamic Therapy on Vascular Endothelial Cells and Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells
Bibliographic record
Abstract
[Objective]To investigate the effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) on retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells and vascular endothelial cells in vitro.[Methods] Cultured retinal pigment epithelial cells and vascular endothelial cells were incubated with verteporfin at the concentration (1.0μg/ml) that was equivalent to the initial plasma level of verteporfin in clinic therapy. According to the incubated time with verteporfm, each kind of the cells was divided into 7 groups, 0 min, 5 min, 15 min, 30 min, 60 min, 120 min, and control groups. Cells were illuminated with the light of 689nm, the maximum wavelength of absorption of verteporfin. After incubating above time, the cell viability was assessed with 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltertrazoliumbromide (MTT) 24 h after PDT. The values were expressed in the figures as mean±standard deviation of the mean and they were the average of three independent experiments run in triplicate, the data were analyzed with analysis of variance (ANOVA) and student's t test. [Results] The viability of RPE cells in the groups of 0 min, 5 min, 15 min, 30 min, 60 min, and 120 min were 0.94±0.07, 0.68±0.13, 0.68±0.11, 0.65±0.12, 0.49±0.11, and 0.21±0.11, respectively. The viability of the vascular endothelial cells in the corresponding groups were 1.02±0.05, 0.78±0.08, 0.71±0.11, 0.69±0.08, 0.62±0.09, and 0.23±0.11, respectively. For both kinds of cell, there were significant differences in the cell viability among the different time groups using one-way-ANOVA,P=0.000; The cell viability was increased with the increase of incubated time with verteporfin in both kinds of cell;Differences in cell viability between 0 min group and the other groups were statistically significant using SNK-q test. However, there was no significant difference between the same time groups of the two kinds of cell in the cell viability using t test. [Conclusions] PDT has a quick killing effect on both vascular endothelial cells and RPE cells; they have equal sensitivity to PDT in vitro. This study indicates that the RPE cells which are adjacent in morphology to choroidal neovascularization (CNV) may be injured by PDT clinically and early treatment for CNV may decrease the damage to adjacent RPE and photoreceptor.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".