Durum Wheat Productivity in Response to Soil Water and Soil Residual Nitrogen Associated with Previous Crop Management
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Green manure may have potential uses in dryland agroecosystems. This study determined the effect of green manure on residual soil water and soil N and the subsequent durum wheat ( Triticum turgidum L.) performance in comparison with the effect of preceding dry pea ( Pisum sativum L.), silage pea ( Pisum sativum L.), and spring wheat ( T. aestivum L.). Three green manures [black lentil ( Lens culinaris Medik.), chickling vetch ( Lathyrus sativus L.), and forage pea ( Pisum sativum L.)] were grown in 2006, 2007, and 2008, along with pea, wheat, and a summerfallow (check) in Saskatchewan, Canada. Durum wheat was grown the year after these treatments. At durum wheat planting, the green manure treatments had the same amount of water in the 0‐ to 1.2‐m soil profile as the summerfallow in 2007 and 2009 but less water compared with the summerfallow in 2008. Summerfallow provided highest soil N among all treatments in 2007 and 2008 but lower soil N than green manure treatments in 2009. Green manure treatments increased subsequent durum wheat grain yield by 19% compared with preceding silage pea or dry pea and by 54% compared with preceding spring wheat but decreased yield by 12% compared with summerfallow treatments. The green manure with late planting and termination enhanced soil‐water conservation and offered input‐saving advantages compared with the early‐ and mid‐planting and termination treatments. Overall, green manure treatments enhanced soil water storage, provided N benefits, and increased subsequent durum wheat yield compared with crops harvested for grain. Core Ideas Green manures conserve a similar amount of water in the 0‐ to 1.2‐m soil profile as summerfallow. Green manures provides less N benefits as summerfallow to the crops the following year. Durum wheat after green manures yielded 19 to 54% more than the other preceding crops. Delay planting of green manures offers water‐saving advantages in dry environments.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it