Analysis of cognitive impairment in patients with Parkinson's disease
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective To observe the cognitive function in patients with Parkinson's disease and to investigate the prevalence and correlative factors of cognitive impairment.Method Sixty patients with Parkinson's disease were enrolled.Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE),Hoehn-Yahr Stage(H-Y stage),Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale(UPDRS),Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD) were used to evaluate the cognitive function,disease severity and emotion state.Results There were 28 patients with cognitive impairment.The prevalence of cognitive impairment was 46.67%.The prevalence of cognitive impairment among H-Y stage 1-2,2.5-3 and ≥4 were 40%,40% and 60% respectively.There was no significant difference among three groups(χ2 =2.14,P 0.05).Multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that age,sex and the scores of UPDRS Ⅲ were correlated with cognitive impairment(β= 0.11,1.64,0.07,P0.05),while duration,H-Y stage,education and score of HAMD had no relation with cognitive impairment.Conclusions Cognitive impairment can occur in any stage of Parkinson's disease.Its correlative factors contain age,sex and severity of move disorder.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".