Synthesis of phytosteryl esters by esterification and transesterification in vacuo and without solvent using lipases
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Phytosteryls has been converted in high extent to the corresponding long-chain acyl esters via esterification with oleic acid or transesterification with methyl oleate or trioleoylglycerol using immobilized lipases Lipozyme IM and Novozym 435 as biocatalysts in vacuo 30 mbar and without adding water or solvent, at 80 ℃. This paper had investigated the effect of temperature, time and phytosterol dosage on conversion. By the response surface analysis, the optimum operating parameters of synthesis of phytosteryl esters by esterification and transesterification were as follows: reaction temperature of 80 ℃, vacuum of 30 mbar, reaction time of 48 h, enzyme dosage of 1.0%, phytosteryl dosage of 6.3%, the conversion rate was97.65%. Transesterification of phytosteryls and fatty acid methyl ester using immobilized lipases Lipozyme IM as biocatalysts, lipases Lipozyme IM remained the conversion rate of more than 90% even after 10 times of repeated use. Lipase Novozym 435 remained the conversion rate of more than 40%.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".