Silicon-Based On-Chip Electrically-Tunable Spectral Shaper for Continuously Tunable Linearly Chirped Microwave Waveform Generation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A silicon-based on-chip electrically-tunable spectral shaper for the generation of a tunable linearly chirped microwave waveform (LCMW) based on spectral shaping and wavelength-to-time (SS-WTT) mapping is designed, fabricated, and demonstrated. The on-chip spectral shaper has a Michelson interferometer structure with two linearly chirped waveguide Bragg gratings (LC-WBGs) incorporated in its two arms. Due to the wavelength-dependent length difference between the two arms of the interferometer, the spectral response of the spectral shaper exhibits a wavelength-dependent free spectral range, which is required for the generation of an LCMW based on SS-WTT mapping. To enable electrical tuning of the spectral response, a lateral PN junction is introduced to each of the waveguides where the LC-WBGs are inscribed. Thanks to the plasma dispersion effect, the spectral response of the spectral shaper can be tuned by changing the bias voltages applied to the PN junctions, which would lead to the tuning of the generated LCMW. A theoretical analysis on the LCMW generation is performed, which is verified by an experiment in which an electrically-tunable spectral shaper is fabricated using a CMOS-compatible process with 248-nm deep ultraviolet lithography. By independently controlling the bias voltages to the PN junctions, a continuous tuning of the generated LCMW is demonstrated.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".