Investigation of CO<sub>2</sub> separation from synthesis CO<sub>2</sub>/CH<sub>4</sub> mixture utilizing tetra‐<i>n</i>‐butyl ammonium bromide semi‐hydrate
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Semi‐clathrate hydrates of tetra‐n‐butyl ammonium bromide (TBAB) offer a potential solution for separation of CO2 from biogas. In this work, gas hydrate formation from a CO2/CH4 mixture in distilled water with 0.05 g/g (5 wt%) TBAB was examined at 275, 277, and 279 K with pressures of 4000, 5000, and 6000 kPa. The compositional changes of the gas phase were analyzed continuously during the hydrate formation process. The results indicated that no significant induction occurred during hydrate formation. The CO2 separation factor increased with decreasing temperature and increasing pressure. The maximum amount of CO2 gas molar ratio in the residual gas phase was 79.81 mol% at 4000 kPa and 275 K with a gas/liquid volume ratio (Vg/Vl) of 1. TBAB promoted hydrate formation and CO2 separation; however, the CO2 separation factor decreased in a decomposed solution compared with fresh TBAB solution. The experimental results provide a theoretical basis for the use of hydrate‐based gas separation (HBGS) technology in biogas purification.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".