Incidentally detected nephrogenic rests in the setting of congenital obstructive uropathy.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PURPOSE: Nephrogenic rests (NR) are clusters of cells similar to renal blastema. NR are frequently seen in kidneys with Wilms' tumor (WT) and are seen with higher frequency in nephrectomy specimens from obstructed and/or multicystic dysplastic kidneys (MCDK) compared to autopsy series of normal kidneys. The significance of NR and their role in tumorigenesis is largely unknown. We report the findings of two cases with NR associated with ureteral ectopy/obstruction and review the relevant literature. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two cases of upper pole heminephrectomy associated with ectopic upper pole ureter and resultant hydronephrosis were found to have nephrogenic rests present on pathologic examination. A literature search was done to review recent developments in the understanding of NR and their significance, primarily to guide patient recommendations regarding follow-up. RESULTS: Recent developments in the understanding of NR include the description of intralobar versus perilobar nephrogenic rests and prognostic considerations associated with each. However, the implications of finding nephrogenic rests in upper pole hemi-nephrectomy specimens associated with ureteral ectopy is not well delineated. CONCLUSIONS: The role of NR in tumorigenesis is still poorly understood. Because of the still undefined relationship with WT we recommend patients with incidentally detected NR be followed with serial abdominal ultrasounds for the first 5 years of life.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".