A method for measuring systolic and diastolic microcirculatory red cell flux within the canine myocardium.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Knowledge of the patterns of movement of red cells during the cardiac cycle in the microcirculation within the contracting myocardium is largely unknown. We describe a method of making such measurements in the canine myocardium using the technique of laser Doppler velocimetry. METHODS: A lensed 100 microm fiber-optic probe was inserted into the beating myocardium at various sites. Using an ultra-stable laser and achieving measurement stability by heterodyning the laser light and reflected light from the tissue, it was possible to obtain a stable high quality measurement of predominately red cell movement in the microcirculation. RESULTS: Unique regional patterns of red cell movement within the myocardium were observed. Epicardial flux was continuous with peaks while endocardial flux was predominately diastolic. Stopping flow in the epicardial artery for 5-6 s demonstrated that red cell movement continues in the microcirculation with some reduction followed by a delayed reactive hyperemia. Modeling demonstrates an important role for the small coronary veins in control of microcirculatory red cell movement. CONCLUSIONS: It is possible using laser Doppler velocimetry to measure red blood cell flux in the beating canine myocardium. Such measurements demonstrate a high degree of complexity which is not reflected in epicardial coronary arterial or venous flow.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".