Photoelectron momentum distributions of molecules in bichromatic circularly polarized attosecond UV laser fields
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We theoretically investigate molecular photoelectron momentum distributions (MPMDs) by bichromatic [frequencies $({\ensuremath{\omega}}_{1},{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{2})]$ circularly polarized attosecond UV laser pulses. Simulations performed on aligned single-electron ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}{}^{+}$ by numerically solving the corresponding three-dimensional time-dependent Schr\"odinger equation within a static nucleus frame show that MPMDs exhibit a spiral structure for both co-rotating and counter-rotating schemes. Results are analyzed by attosecond perturbation ionization models. Coherent electron wave packets created, respectively, by the two color pulses in the continuum interfere with each other. Photoionization distributions are functions of the photoelectron momentum $p$ and the ejection angle $\ensuremath{\theta}$, thus leading to spiral MPMDs. The dependence of spiral MPMDs on the time delay between the bicircular pulses and their relative phases is also presented. The spiral interference patterns are determined by the helicities and frequencies $({\ensuremath{\omega}}_{1},{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{2})$ of the bicircular fields. It is also found that the spiral patterns are sensitive to the molecular alignment and suppressed by two-center ionization interference, thus offering new tools for imaging molecular geometry.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".