Incontinence Quality of Life Instrument in a survey of primary care physicians.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To assess the performance of the Incontinence Quality of Life (I-QOL) Instrument in measuring the impact of urinary incontinence on the quality of life of family medicine patients. STUDY DESIGN: Postal survey. Multiple imputations of missing answers. Linear regression analysis of I-QOL predictors. Comparison by receiver operating characteristic of the I-QOL and the Short Form 12 (SF-12). POPULATION: Women 45 years or older attending either of 2 family medicine clinics. Response rate was 605 (61%) of 992. OUTCOMES MEASURED: Prevalence of stress, urge, and mixed incontinence. Scores on the I-QOL and SF-12 instruments. RESULTS: Of the 605 respondents, 310 (51%) reported urinary incontinence in the month before the survey. One or more items were missing on 19% of the I-QOL scales and scores were imputed. The relation between I-QOL and the number of leakage episodes was nonlinear. I-QOL scores decreased with the number of episodes, the amount of leakage, and poorer general health. There was no association between the I-QOL and age, education, or type of incontinence. The I-QOL was more sensitive than the SF-12 to the statement, "urinary incontinence is a problem." CONCLUSIONS: The I-QOL is a useful instrument for the investigation of incontinence-related quality of life in the community setting.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".