Effects of a Titratable Oral Appliance on Supine Airway Size in Awake Non-Apneic Individuals
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES: To define morphological changes in the upper airway and its surrounding structures after the insertion of a titratable mandibular repositioner. DESIGN: Ten non-apneic adult males participated in this study. A set of supine lateral cephalograms was taken for each subject at the end of expiration with a titratable oral appliance in place in four mandibular positions: most retruded (RP), maximum protrusion (MAX), 33% of MAX (MAX33), and 67% of MAX (MAX67). Changes in the anteroposterior width of the upper airway, positions of the hyoid bone and the third cervical vertebra were compared between the four mandibular positions. An ANOVA was used to test for statistical significance. SETTING: N/A. PATIENTS OR PARTICIPANTS: N/A. INTERVENTIONS: N/A. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: The anteroposterior width of the velopharynx significantly increased when the mandible was advanced from RP to MAX67 and MAX. However, there were no significant changes in the anteroposterior width of the oropharynx. Significant forward displacement of the hyoid bone and third cervical vertebra together with the mandible was found in MAX67 and MAX compared to RP. CONCLUSION: Especially in MAX67 and MAX, the titratable oral appliance significantly enlarges upper airway size in the velopharynx and results in a forward displacement of the hyoid bone and the third cervical vertebra.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it