Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) with low dose spinal anesthesia in outpatients: a 5 year review.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Spinal anesthesia for ambulatory transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is a well established technique. The following study examines data over a 5 year period at a major Canadian tertiary academic center. The purpose of the study is to review our experience and complications associated with spinal anesthesia using combined low dose local anesthetic + narcotic for ambulatory TURP procedures. METHODS: Medical records were reviewed retrospectively on all ambulatory TURP patients over a 5 year period between January 2000 and September 2005 in our Surgical Day Care Center. All spinal anesthetics were reviewed and based on dosage, classified into low dose bupivacaine (< 10 mg; Group LD-B), conventional dose lidocaine (> 35 mg; Group CD-L) or low dose lidocaine (≤ 35 mg; Group LD-L). Primary end points of interest were duration of spinal block and duration of postanesthesia care unit (PACU) stay. RESULTS: A total of 1064 TURPs were performed during the study period. Within this cohort of 334 spinal anesthetics administered, 27 were excluded for lack of data leaving 307 cases for analysis. Patient demographics were normally distributed. Mean doses of spinal local anesthetics administered were: Group LD-B 7.3 ± 2 mg, Group CD-L 52.2 ± 13 mg and Group LD-L 29 ± 5.2 mg. Intrathecal fentanyl was often added to the local anesthetic as an adjunct. Block regression times (Group LD-B 273 ± 98 mins, Group CD-L 174 ± 47 mins and Group LD-L 159 ± 45 mins) and discharge times (Group LD-B 309 ± 94 mins, Group CD-L 230 ± 71 mins and Group LD-L 227 ± 75 mins) were significantly lesser in both lidocaine groups compared to Group LD-B (p <0.05). The frequency of prolonged spinal blocks (> 3 hr) in Groups LD-L, CD-L and LD-B was 23%, 43% and 83% respectively (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Low dose spinal anesthesia with bupivacaine and lidocaine were well tolerated for short duration TURP. Low dose bupivacaine and conventional dose lidocaine were associated with significantly longer block duration, longer PACU stay and higher frequency of prolonged blocks compared with low dose lidocaine for spinal anesthesia.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.005 | 0.006 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".